The first-move advantage in chess is the inherent advantage of the player (White) who makes the first move in chess. Chess players and theorists generally agree that White begins the game with some advantage. Since 1851, compiled statistics support this view; White consistently wins slightly more often than Black, usually scoring between 52 and 56 percent. White's winning percentage is about the same for tournament games between humans and games between computers. However, White's advantage is less significant in rapid games or novice games. In 1994 a grandmaster, Evgeny Sveshnikov claimed that White must play to win, while Black must play to draw.
In the following puzzles, to make you stronger in equalizing, Black is to play and improve.
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